Want to be like StoryCorps? Here's expert advice

By Pam Bailey, NeighborWorks America blogger

This is the third post in a three-part series on the power of oral storytelling. Read the first and second posts.

So, you want to try recording your own oral narratives? Here are some tips from two experts to get you started: the StoryCorps team in New York, and Neal Augenstein, a DC-based radio reporter who runs workshops on using the iPhone as a reporting device.

Equipment and software

• You can use a variety of devices to record an audio interview – an actual tape recorder (remember those?), a smart phone or a laptop. (Augenstein recommends either the iPhone or the new Samsung S5.) Whatever you use, practice with it before the interview! 

Neal Augenstein

• Particularly if you’re using a computer or recorder, StoryCorps recommends adding an external microphone (read this handy "how-to" guide) to improve sound quality. Another good add-on is a windscreen, a foam sleeve (available online or at music stores) that slides over the head of a microphone or the bottom of a smart phone to protect against the harsh air sounds.
  
  “The built-in microphone of the iPhone is very susceptible to wind — even a stiff breeze can ruin a recording,” says Augenstein. “ Yet, a simple windscreen has allowed me to use my iPhone during coverage of a hurricane.”

• StoryCorps also recommends wearing a good set of headphones while conducting an interview to allow you to hear how the finished recording will sound – and detect any problems early.

• Augenstein and StoryCorps suggest SoundCloud, a free site like YouTube where you can upload and share audio files. For editing, Augenstein recommends Voddio, which he says “facilitates both down-and-dirty or intricate reports from the field.”
• Bring a camera too! When you post and share your audio clips, they are more visually appealing if you include a photo of your interviewee(s).

Interview prep

A StoryCorps interview in progress

• Create a list of five to 10 open-ended questions (nothing that can be answered with a yes or no), designed to elicit the “mundane details” that make stories seem real and authentic, as well as feelings. Augenstein suggests beginning with some “throw-away” questions first, such as what he or she likes to do during off hours, to establish rapport and allow your interviewee to become comfortable with being interviewed/recorded. (That is one advantage to audio interviews, however! People are typically have a much harder time relaxing when a video camera is on.)
• Choose a location for the interview. StoryCorps recommends selecting the quietest place possible, ideally a carpeted room with any electronic appliances or devices that could make noise turned off or moved into another room. However, Augenstein recommends recording a minute or so of ambient sound that captures the interviewee’s unique context – whether it be church bells, horns honking or the simple sound of toast popping up. “Audio can create theater of the mind, bringing the listener to the scene,” he explains. “Using sounds effectively helps listeners paint a mental picture.”

The interview

• Augenstein recommends standing while conducting the interview, if possible. “It generally increases your energy,” he explains.
• Remember that your pre-planned questions are only a starting point! You want to have a conversation, and to listen for “golden nuggets”; when you hear them, follow the direction they take you. At the same time, avoid interrupting, even with “uh-huh.” Instead, use visual cues like nodding your head to encourage your storyteller to keep going. Look your interviewee in the eyes and stay engaged. (It’s good to take notes to remember “high points” or follow-up questions, but too much of that and you will lose your connection. The beauty of recording interviews is that it frees you up to converse!)

• But most important of all: Be curious, sincere..and keep an open mind and heart. 

If you try out audio storytelling, share your experiences with us!